In physics, a system is a name given to a collection of objects that we want to observe and analyze. If we are to describe the motion of an object by conserving energy, then the system must include the object of interest and all the other objects with which it interacts. When defining a system, we draw a line around the things that matter to us, leaving out the things that don’t. The type of things that we do not include within the system are generally called the system surroundings, ignoring that some parts of the surroundings will inevitably influence the system and therefore make our calculations less accurate. However, it is not unworthy to do this. In fact, understanding the effects you need to describe is just as important as knowing which effects you can ignore.
The law of conservation of energy declares that the total amount of energy in an isolated physical system remains unchanged over time. However, that energy can be transformed into another form of energy. In analytical mechanics, it can be shown that the principle of conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the dynamics of the evolution of systems is governed by the same characteristics at each instant of time. This leads to the temporal translation being a symmetry that leaves the evolution equations of the system invariant, which is why Noether’s theorem leads to the existence of a conserved quantity, energy.
Conservation of Energy in Classical Mechanics



- points 1 and 2 lie on a streamline,
- the fluid has constant density,
- the flow is steady, and
- there is no friction.
Although these restrictions may sound severe, the Bernoulli equation is very useful, in part because it is simple to use but also because it can give great insight into the balance between pressure, velocity and elevation.

In verbal form, the theorem can be formulated as follows: A change in the electromagnetic energy enclosed in a specific volume during a certain interval of time is equal to the flux of electromagnetic energy through the surface that limits a given volume and the amount of thermal energy released in a given volume taken with the opposite sign.
Energy Conservation in Everyday Life

The operation of a light bulb is another possible example, a certain amount of electrical energy is received by the light bulb when the switch is operated and transforms it into light energy and thermal energy as the light bulb heats up. The total amount of electrical, thermal, and light energy is the same, but it has been transformed from electrical into light and thermal.